Header tanks act as reservoirs that help in minimising turbulence within a cooling system. They are not in continuous exchange with the water circuit, which aids in the system’s filling process and prolongs the time between refills. By reducing the mass of water in circulation, header tanks can decrease the cooling or heating capacity required, making the system more efficient in terms of energy consumption.

In contrast, flow-through tanks are integrated into the main water circuit, contributing to the stability of the system’s temperature. These tanks are designed to allow the fluid to pass through them, facilitating the collection or dissipation of heat. For systems that utilise tank-mounted heaters, flow-through tanks are indispensable .They ensure that the water’s temperature is actively managed as it circulates through the system.

There are common misconceptions about the temperature alignment of tanks with set points and the implications of tank size on system performance. However, the operational principles and design of each tank type address these concerns effectively. The choice between header and flow-through tanks depends on the specific requirements of the cooling system, including temperature stability, energy efficiency, and the need for continuous water exchange.